an integrated and multivariate model along with designing experiments approach for assessment of micro- and macro- ergonomic factors: the case of a gas refinery

background: the objectives of this paper are three folds. first, an integrated framework for designing and development of the integrated health, safety and environment (hse) model is presented. second, it is implemented and tested for a large gas refinery in iran. third, it is shown whether the total ergonomics model is superior to the conventional ergonomics approach. this study is among the first to examine total ergonomics components in a manufacturing system. methods : this study was conducted in sarkhoon & qeshm gas refinery- iran in 2006 . to achieve the above objectives, an integrated approach based on total ergonomics factors was developed. second, it is applied to the refinery and the advantages of total ergonomics approach are discussed. third, the impacts of total ergonomics factors on local factors are examined through non-parametric statistical analysis. results: it was shown that total ergonomics model is much more beneficial than conventional approach. it should be noted that the traditional ergonomics methodology is not capable of locating the findings of total ergonomics model. conclusion : the distinguished aspect of this study is the employment of a total system approach based on integration of the conventional ergonomics factors with hse factors.